It’s not the case that the higher the level of algebra, the better. Each generation deals with different issues: “zygote formation,” “sperm quality,” and “embryonic chromosomes.” Choosing the wrong direction means wasting money.

Many people think that IVF is similar to smartphones—that the third generation technology is definitely better than the first generation. In reality, the term “generations” refers to different technical approaches, each designed to address different problems.

First-generation methods (conventional IVF): This method involves mixing sperm and eggs together in a natural manner, with the goal of overcoming issues caused by female factors such as blocked fallopian tubes or ovulation disorders. It requires that the male partner’s semen parameters be within acceptable limits.

Second-generation technology (ICSI, Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection): This method involves directly injecting a single sperm into an egg using microscopic techniques. It is primarily used to address issues related to severe oligospermia, weak sperm, or abnormal sperm morphology, as well as cases of previous fertilization failures. ICSI bypasses the natural selection process, thus being utilized only when necessary.

Third-generation PGT (Pre-Gestational Testing): Based on the second-generation method, several cells are extracted from the blastocyst for chromosomal or genetic testing. This helps to eliminate embryos with chromosomal abnormalities or those carrying known single-gene disorders. This technique is suitable for women of advanced age, those who experience repeated miscarriages, those who have failed multiple attempts at implantation, and those who are carriers of known genetic diseases.

The selection process is as follows: first, determine which step the problem lies at, then decide on the appropriate technology to use. The price should not be determined first. Since the third generation method involves additional steps such as biopsy and testing, the cost is significantly higher. Additionally, a sufficient number of blastocysts are required for the screening to be effective.

Finally, a reminder: The success rate of all techniques is highly related to the woman’s age, ovarian reserve, and embryo quality. Any claims of guaranteed success should be taken with caution.